A Midsummer Night's Dream by William Shakespeare Essay - 2

A Midsummer Night's Dream by William Shakespeare - Essay Example He has tried to teach people how to dream of the impossible through this very play by letting people know that it is okay to encounter upon obstacles and pitfalls during the course of their lives. The main thing is to go beyond these and try and succeed no matter what the circumstance might be. The theme of the play is based on the darker aspect of what love is in the real world. Through the fairies, the playwright has tried to give a clear picture of how every couple in the world falls into a plethora of problems because of their relationship and how such a stance might be deceiving at times. At the same time, love also helps people to look into the lighter and more real side of things, for example, through the eyes of Puck Hermia and Lysander are able to live life with better ease as he provides them with a comic sense of understanding. The two finally get married as well, not remembering the events that they had encountered with respect to the darker side of their love, while serving time within the forest. It is this very aspect of love that drives all the characters around in their quest for ultimate peace and happiness and with time, they begin to understand how reality can be different if one has the power and ability to embrace the same. Along with this, a very heavy presence of patriarchal control can also be seen during the course of the story as the father always tries to assert his authority on his daughter. Through this, Shakespeare has tried to depict the kind of oppressed society that women at the time were subject to living within. Thus, even though the story initially portrays love to be of an evil kind, it slowly takes the reader into a realm where love is he one sought after emotion that the protagonists of the story are hell bent on complicating. Towards the end of the story one can easily see how love triumphs and emerges victorious as compared to any other emotion that must have

Human’s Wisdom from Environment Essay Example for Free

Human’s Wisdom from Environment Essay The relationship between the Bangal tiger Richard parker and Pi Patel is the main focus in the novel ‘Life of Pi’.Their relationship are continually changing and it is the struggle for survival makes them need to change.A long time ago,human are weaker than animal as they don’t have strong body as animal .They do not have the sharp claws as Richard Parker does to protect themselves. However,as time going on ,human starts to dominate the earth by creating their own technology and weapon to protect themselves.The change of the relationship between Pi and Richard Parker can be seen as how human developed their skill from learning skill from the animals. In the beginning of the surivial adventure,Richard Parker is always the one who dominate the boat ,he can walk wherever he likes and to scare Pi to get off the boat because he has a much stronger power than Pi has. However,at the end,Pi is actually the one who takes control over Richard Parker and force Richard to follow his command.He does it by using the method which our ancestors used before in history.He used his weapon for attack,turtle shells for defence and his whistles for calling people to come rescue.This can shows human’s wisdom over the animal. The other thing which interested me in this novel is how Pi can adapt the new environment so quickly,he losts a lot of thing that we think we need to use in our daily life,he doesn’t have a phone,map or anything to guide him the direction or call for help.However,he reverted to the animals ways which his ancestors did before.When he arrived on the island , he started to analyze the environment and realize that the water is acidic there and it is dangerous for him to stay there . Also ,he marked down all the animal ‘s rountine.He learned some habits from Richard Parker and he did the same thing as Richard does.He adapt to become something Richard can used to live with.This remind me one extrodinary person in history which is Darwin.Charles Robert Darwin is an English naturalist.He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors.The thing amaze me is Darwin did the same thing as Pi does,both of them do journal to record down what they experience and learned.When we looked back to the beginning of the novel, the zebra couldn’t adapt because it was injured ,and become the first animal to dead . Then the orangutan couldn’t adapt to the foreign environment so he was eaten by the hyena.Lastly the hyena couldn’t adapt to the new threat ,which is the tiger,therefore it get killed by Richard.However, for Pi ,he worked in zoo before so he know some of the animals behavior and that’s why he can prepare the protection for himselves first.This show s human can be adaptable to the nature as if they have enough knowledge of the environment and animal ,and the knowledge come from the analyze towards animal’s habit,that’s what make huaman on top of the food chain. Of course,it is not necessary for us to go to an island and learned all those skills because we can learn those skill from our biology book now.We should really thankful for those people who does the research before.Throughout this novel,the author Yann Martel shows us what do we need to adapt through conflict,which can also apply to our life.When we have difficulty towards our life,we should not feel panic,instead ,we should keep calm and analyze the problem we have in order to find out the solution for it.

Photochemical Degradation of Pharmaceutics Experiment

Photochemical Degradation of Pharmaceutics Experiment Experimental Methodology Experimental methodology executed for accomplishment of a project is one of the most important parts of study, deciding the ultimate outcomes of the study. For the present study It aimed at metal doped MCM-41 for the removal of pharmaceutics by then degradation under UV irradiation. The present investigation was therefore designed to avoid discrepancies as much as possible, and to maximize the outcomes. The photochemical degradation of pharmaceutics has become an important index in ecological environment safety evaluation of drugs. To elucidate the photodegradation profiles of drugs in the environment, many investigators have focused on solution photolysis in organic solvents or in a dilute aqueous solution. The present study was based on photo degradation of two commonly used pharmaceutics i.e., salts of diclofenac and atorvastatin in different solvents. Another perspective of the present study was to determine the metal dopped mesoporous silicates materials as catalyst for the photo degradation of pharmaceutics under UV radiations, sunlight and in absence of light. The details of the experimental methodology adopted are spelled out as under: 3.1 The glassware/ volumetric Apparatus The proper and appropriately cleaned and calibrated glassware and volumetric apparatus is necessary for accurate and precise analytical measurements. Thus, high quality pyrex glass-ware was used during the course of experiment. This apparatus was given through wash with detergent solution, diluted HNO3 and finally with distilled water. All the glassware used was dried at 100oC in an electric oven before use. All the apparatus like beakers, measuring flasks, pippets and graduated cylinders were calibrated prior to use. 3.2 The Reagents Synthesis of mesoporous silica, metal dopping on synthesized mesoporous material and degradation studies required various reagents. In addition to other parameters, the success of experimental methodology also depended on their purity and quality. So in order to ensure quality analytical grade chemicals which were purchased from Uni-chem (China), E.Merk (Germany), Riedel-deHaen (China) and Sigma Aldrich were used. Sodium silicate, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), H2SO4,(NH4)2 Ce(NO3)6, Cu(NO3)2.3H2O and copper acetate were obtained from sigma Aldrich with a crtified purity of 99.9%. In order to avoid any photo degradation, all the reagents were kept in dark. 3.3 Equipments/ instruments used a. The following equipments were used for the successful completion of the present study. Magnetic stirrer/ Hot plate Oven Shaker Muffle furnace UV-irradiator pH meter b Instrument Used UV- Visible Spectrophotometer The spectro photometric measurements were performed on a UV–visible double-beam spectrophotometer (U-2800). It operates on the principle of measurement of the intensity of light after passing through a sample (I) and comparing it to the intensity of light before it passes through the sample (Io). The ratio (I/I0 ) is called the transmittance, and is usually expressed as a percentage (%T). The absorbance, A is calculated by the following equation: A= log (%T/100) The basic compartment of a spectrophotometer include; light source, sample holder, a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light, and a detector. The radiation source is often a tungsten filament (300-2500nm) and a deuterium arc lamp, which is continuous over the ultraviolet region (190-400nm). More recently, light emitting diodes (LED) and xenon arc lamps for visible wave length have also been incorporated. The detector is typically a photodiode or CCD (charge couple device detector to enhance the uv spectrophotometer performance). Photodiodes present with monochromators filter the light so that only light of single wavelength reaches the detector. Diffraction gratings with CCDs collect light of different wavelength on different pixels. 1og10Io/I= Æ lc Æ = greek letter, epsilon l= length of solution the light passese through(cm) c = concentration of solution (mol dm-3) The expression 1og10Io/I is known as the absorbance of the solution and is measured by the spectrometer. For the present study the UV spectrophotometer was used for determining the degradation of different pharmaceutical products under different conditions. For this purpose the absorbance of diclofenac sodium was recorded at a wavelength of 276 nm and that of atorvastatin was recorded at wavelength of 246 nm. c Bruker alpha ATR spectrophotometer The Platinum ATR is a single reflection diamond ATR sampling module that is designed to significantly ease analysis. The ergonomic one finger clamp mechanism simplifies the sample positioning. The robust diamond crystal allows analyze nearly all kind of liquid and solid samples. For the present study the IR analysis of MCM-41, Cu/MCM-41 and Ce/MCM-41 was c SDT-Q600 Thermo Gravimetric Analyser The TA Instruments SDT-Q600 Simultaneous TGA / DSC provides simultaneous measurement of weight change (TGA) and true differential heat flow (DSC) on the same sample from ambient to 1,500  °C. It features a field-proven horizontal dual beam design with automatic beam growth compensation, and the ability to analyze two TGA samples simultaneously. For the present study the thermogravimetric analysis of mesoporous silicate was: 3.2 Analytical Methodology 3.2.1 Preparation of mesoporous silica For the preparation of mesoporous silica the method of Taron et.al was used. [i] In this method the sodium silicate was used as a source of silica and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) used as a surfactant. Briefly, a 15.75g part of sodium silicate was dissolved in 45.75g of DDW and stirred for 15 minutes at room temperature in a poly propylene container (A). A 13.535g of CTAB was separately dissolved in 200 ml of doubly distilled water at room temperature to prepare an aqueous solution of CTAB (B). To a stirred solution of precursor (A), the template solution (B) was added drop wise. After the completion of addition, the solution was further stirred for about 1h. Subsequently the pH of the contents was maintained at 10.5 by using 1:1 H2SO4, (6.7ml) which yielded a gel that was further stirred for about 45 minutes. The polypropylene container was then sealed and allowed to age for twenty four hours at room temperature without stirring. The gel thus obtained was filtered, washed with doubly distilled water to get rids of ions present as impurities and dried in an electric oven at 120oC. Thus dried product was allowed to calcine at a heating rate of 3oC/min for 6 hours while maintaining a maximum temperature of 550oC. The product obtained after calcinations was mesoporous silica MCM-41, that was used for further experiments. 3.2.2 Metal impregnation of mesoporous silica a) Preparation of CeO2/MCM-41 Li et.al method was adopted for the synthesis of MCM-41/CeO2.[ii] This is based on grinding of precursors. In this method, 0.6402 g of (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 and 0.3g of synthesized MCM-41 were placed in a mortar and ground significantly at room temperature conditions. The obtained solid was calcined at a heating rate of 5oC/min until the maximum temperature obtained 550  °C in air for 3 to 4 h to remove the surfactant molecules[iii] b) Preparation of copper supported mesoporous silica (Cu/MCM-41) The copper was loaded on the mesoporous support material through wet impregnation of silica. 2g of silica was stirred in 0.025M of 20mL copper acetate for 24 hours at room temperature. The copper impregnated silica was washed with distilled water to remove free copper and acetate ions and then dried at 70oC for 12h. The copper impregnated silica was calcined at 600oC for 4 h to get silica supported copper sample (Cu-MS).[iv] c) Preparation of Cu-dopped MCM-41 with different percentages: The MCM-41 mesoporous powder material after drying at 120oC over night was impregnated with solutions of different concentrations separately under continuous stirring for 12 h at room temperature, and then they were dried at 100oC. The obtained materials were calcined in air from room temperature to 150oC at 5oC/min and held at 150oC for 1 h, and then heated from 150oC to 250oC at the rate of 5oC/min and held at 250oC for 1 h, at last heated from 250oC to 330oC at 5oC/min and held at 330oC for 2 h. By using this procedure, samples containing 5, 10 and 15 wt% Cu-MCM-41 was prepared. [v] 3.2.3 Degradation studies Preparation of Pharmaceutics Standards Pharmaceutics Stock Solution Preparation A primary standard solution of pharmaceutics with concentration 1000 ppm was prepared by dissolving 0.1 g of pharmaceutics in 100 mL of solvent. The solution was kept in refrigerator at 4oC prior to use. Pharmaceutics Spiking Solution Preparation The intermediate standard solutions of pharmaceutics were prepared by diluting 0.5, 0.4. 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1mL of 1000ppm of stock solution upto 10mL of solvent to prepare 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 ppm of standards. Effect of light Effect of time Effect of metal Effect of metal loading levels Effect of pH REFERENCES: [i] H. W. Lee , H. J. Cho , J.H. Yim , J. M. Kim , J.K. Jeon , J. M.Sohn , K.S. Yoo , S.S. Kim , Y.K. Park , Removal of Cu(II)-ion over amine-functionalized mesoporous silica materials, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (17) 504–509(2011) [ii] H. R.Pouretedal, M.Ahmadi, Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity of MCM-41 and MCM-48 impregnated with CeO2 nanoparticles, journal of International Nano Letters, 2:10(2012) [iii] (Li, Y, Yan, B, Functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 with CeF3: Eu3+ nanoparticle by three different methods: synthesis, characterization, and photoluminescence. Nanoscal. Res. Lett. 5, 701–708 (2010). [iv] Manish dixit, Manis mishra, P.A.Joshi, D.O.Shah, â€Å"Study on the catalytic properties of silica supported copper catalysts†, journal of procedia engineering, 51, 467-472(2013). [v] Ye Wan, Chao Chen, Weiming Xiao, Lijuan Jian, Ning Zhang, â€Å"Ni/MIL-120: An efficient metal–organic framework catalyst for hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexane† , Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 17, 1 9–13(2013).

Bitter Sweet Symphony by Erin Flannery :: Music Creative Writing Flannery Essays

Bitter Sweet Symphony by Erin Flannery True, it was a hard decision when I was decided which of my classmatesà ­ papers to choose as à ¬the one.à ® I considered a question when trying to decide. I asked myself, à ¬What purpose this time capsule will serve?à ® My answer told me that the song inside this time capsule must be one that can still teach a message while telling the future generation something about our time. I believe the culmination to this answer was found in Erin Flanneryà ­s à ¬Bitter Sweet Symphony.à ® The title is fairly self-explanatory when it refers to the word bittersweet. That is what life is. We canà ­t expect only the good or the bad. Life is a heterogeneous mixture of both. Yet this mixture comes together in a harmonious conglomerate that is altogether something beautiful. We have the chance to give the future generation a gift. We can give them the answers before they encounter the questions. We can give the help theyà ­ll need before they need it. No oneà ­s perfect when dealing with life. Weà ­re only here for a short time, why not make it the best time you can? Life throws things at people and one has to be able to cope and learn to solve them as best as they can. As Rolling Stone eloquently put it, à ¬the lyrics address the need to cope (Wiederhorn).à ® In life, people are going to encounter problems no matter how hard they try to get around them. This song recognizes that fact and addresses it. The truth seems hard to come by these days. In my life, it is something I strive to give and receive. Thereà ­s no telling how many times one person has been lied to. Letà ­s just not mention that whole Lewinsky thing. à ¬Bittersweet Symphonyà ® donates the truth to the future. No sugarcoating or hiding of facts takes place. T he lyrics say, à ¬try to make ends meet youà ­re a slave to money then you die . . .à ® As life is, the song is inclusive of the good and the bad. Without the bad, how would we know of the good and vice versa? This common thread of truth connects us and the future.

Children Charged as Adults

Children Charged as Adults†¦How Young is too Young? Ralonda Ross Post University 1. In the article â€Å"Adult Time for Adult Crime? † Nathaniel Abraham is a perfect example of how young is too young. He is an adolescent who committed a crime at a considerably young age and got charged as an adult. Nathaniel has not been sentenced yet because it is unclear as to whether he has the intellect to understand the nature of his crime of not. 2. Punishing Juvenile Offenders as Adults: An Analysis of the Social and Political Determinants of Juvenile Prison Admissions across the United States† is an article that focus on how there is a difference between the states. The number of juveniles that get sentenced to adult prison differs because of the minority committing the crimes. In addition, is explains how the juveniles who go to juvenile have a less chance to be assaulted than the ones in prison with adults. . The website with the article â€Å"Adult Time for Adult Crimesà ¢â‚¬  is a good reference because it gives me in site on different ways to view whether it is fair to charge children as adults. It also helps me to understand the mindset of the juveniles at different ages. Overall it is a good website to assist me with my paper. References Adult time for adult crime?. (2000). Current Events, 99(16), 2a.Carmichael, J. T. (2011). Punishing Juvenile Offenders as Adults: An Analysis of the Social and Political Determinants of Juvenile Prison Admissions across the United States. Sociological Focus, 44(2), 102-123. Hudson, D. L. , Jr. (2009) ABA Journal. How to retrieve internet information. Retrieve from http://www. abajournal. com/magazine/article/adult_time_for_adult_crimes/

US expansion essays

US expansion essays America acquired a lot of land over a short period time starting from about 1783 to about 1848. America did so in a few different ways such as war, treaty, annexation and purchase. In this essay I will discuss some of the different states we gained and how we gain them. The original thirteen colonies were acquired by a battle or a war known as The American Revolution. The Americans fought Britain for freedom, rights and land. After a successful battle the British were forced to sign the Treaty of Paris in 1783. This treaty gave America the thirteen colonies and the other side of the Mississippi river. In 1803 the leader of France, Napoleon offered the U.S. to purchase Louisiana. Although the Constitution made no provision for the acquisition of new land, Jefferson decided to go with a more loose constitution and called this a treaty. The Louisiana Purchase was the greatest real estate deal in world history, because it doubled the U.S. in size and it only cost about 15 million dollars in gold. After that in 1818 and 1819 Spain sold Florida to the U.S. and we just took west Florida with it. In 1842 a treaty with Britain gives us northern Minnesota in which we later discover is full of extremely valuable that boosted America's economy. For about nine years Texas wasn't part of any country and very much wanted to become part of the U.S. be we kept on refusing because of slavery abolishment in the north. In 1845 the U.S. decided it would allow Texas to be part of U.S. territory so we had the Texas Annexation. In 1846 after a successful victory over Britain in a battle which was fought over a very large piece of land, the Americans came to a compromise with the British. America decided that it would take Oregon Country by treaty and allow the British to keep the northern half of the land that was fought over. In 1853 America acquires another very large piece of land from Mexico. After the war the Mexican signed a treaty giving us...