The Advantages and Disadvantages of Community Service - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1352 Downloads: 23 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Topics: Community Essay Did you like this example? The advantages and disadvantages of Community service or social service as modes of criminal punishment. Community service or social service is a mode of punishment provide by the law which the offender can escape imprisonment or fines. Community service acts as an alternative to the harsh criminal punishment. Generally, community service is handed down by a judge or magistrate to the first-timer offender or teenage offender. This punishment can also be handed down in the case of minor offences for example traffic violations, petty theft, and other nonviolent offenses. The offender is required to perform unpaid work or other activity in the community under the direction of a probation officer or supervisor. Among the community work undergo by the offender are cleaning up roadside or parks, attending educational programs and presenting speeches and seminars concerning the negative effect of crime. The community work may be a specific community service which imposed a partic ular service, depending on the types and degrees of the offences. For instance, offender of littering will have to clean a park so that he understands the effect of littering, thus change his perception towards littering. Meaning to say, community service is designed to ensure that the guilty party is punished in some way other than simply paying a fine which can be nothing in the way of a deterrent. Many individuals convicted of a crime and have to pay a fine simply done the same offence again and this leads only to their continual committing of crime. The community service is imposed for a specific period which measured by hour of service. The hours imposed is vary, depending on the nature of the offence. Community service is a healthy alternative mode of punishment and has lots of advantages. It is seen to benefit a country and the government in so many ways. Firstly, community service provide for less expensive punishment compared to imprisonment. It takes a lot of money t o send a person to jail. In United Kingdom, it costs ? 100 per day to keep a low-risk drug-addicted offender in jail and ? 37,500 for sending a person to prison for one year. In contrast, only ? 3,000 is needed to send a person to one year of community rehabilitation order. On average, sending a person to prison is 12 times higher than sending a person to community service. Prisons around the world are facing the same problem which is overcrowding prison. More prisoners means more foods and more security is needed. The increase in the numbers of prisoners subsequently increases the cost for running the prison. So, based on the facts, community service is a great way to cut government cost on punishing offenders as it provide for the less expensive approach with similar effect and helps in reducing the overcrowding problem in prison. Consequently, the money saved can be used for development thus improve the living of the country. Secondly, community service is healthier than im prisonment. This is because, community service offer help to the offenders to rehabilitate themselves more effectively than in prison. This is mainly because; by community service the offenders are able to give something back to the community as prove that they have change. By doing so, the offenders will have small risk of reoffending neither in the number of crimes nor the seriousness of the crimes. If the offender is stuck in the 6? 8 feet cell, the offender will have limited resources to help him rehabilitate. Furthermore, putting a first time offender with minor offence in the same room with big time criminal for quite sometimes will negatively affect the first time offender in term of his thinking towards crimes. So, separating the offender is a way to avoid an escalation in deviant behavior when new offenders are mixed with hardened criminals. Next, community service benefits the courts as it provide sentencing alternatives for the courts in making judgment so the courts a re not bound to only impose imprisonment or fines. Moreover, the offenders will be placed where their skills and interest can be maximized for community benefit. By doing so, the offenders have greater chances to rehabilitate and repel. It will also help in preventing and reducing the social stigma toward the offenders. Social stigma can be defined as severe social disapproval of personal characteristics or beliefs that are perceived to be against cultural norms. In this context, social stigma can be referred to the negative perception of the public toward the offenders. Protection from social stigma is important for young and new offenders as it help to build confident for rehabilitate purpose. Social stigma has great potential in forcing the offenders to commit the same or other serious offences. Community service provides a just punishment to the offenders. In cases which involve monetary penalty, for instances fine, compensation or restitution, it is not practical to fine a person who does not have the capacity to pay the fine due to financial problem such as limited salary. This is where community service comes in as incapability to pay the fine is not an excuse to escape punishment. However despite the advantages, such punishment has defects of its own. Community service is often being regarded as a waste of time. This is because the time taken for the offenders to complete a service is too long and sometimes unreasonable. For example, a traffic offender needs to work unpaid for 100 hours over a $100 fines. This situation is seen to be an impractical and unproductive method in favor of the offender because the time use for the work can be used for the offender to improve his living. Moreover, the long hours of community service may affect the offender normal life as he needs to juggle his life with the service. Community service is not an adequate punishment for the offenders. This is because community service is not harsh enough to educate a nd rehabilitate the offenders compare to imprisonment. Community service is only seen as a ticket to escape imprisonment. Many argued that offences punishable with community service do not really ample together. In some cases, the punishment of community service imposed is to kind towards the offenders. Such punishment will only result the offenders to re-offence as the consequences of the guilty act are minor. Then, the administration of community service requires administrative oversight that may exceed the capacity of the non-governmental organizations to provide. If the agencies of community service where the offenders serve do not have the capacity to provide required punishment, the rehabilitation of the offenders will be affected. Thus little chances of recovery for the offenders and later lead to re-offending. Community service sends the offenders back to public as a method of rehabilitate them. However, the public exposure may result in stigmatization towards the offende rs. Negative perception from public will affect the offenders’ psychology in recovering from the offences. It will bring the morale and confident of the offenders down. At the time of recovering, confident and support of the community are important for successful recovery. Unfortunately, community service will expose the offenders to public and the higher the risk of stigmatization. In conclusion, community service can be seen as great method of punishment as it gives the offenders the opportunity to give something back to the community. In addition, it’s a way to saving cost related with incarceration of the convict and a way to educate convicts on what constitutes ethically acceptable. However, this criminal punishment need to be reviewed before imposing it as it only act as an alternative for other punishment such as imprisonment and fine. It also needs some enhancement to be more effective and efficient alternatives. [ 1 ]. www. lawandparents. co. uk/communi ty-sentences [ 2 ]. Haringey Youth: Community punishment and rehabilitation orders [ 3 ]. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia: Community Service [ 4 ]. Community sentences cut crime: Howard League for Penal Reform [ 5 ]. Community sentences cut crime: Howard League for Penal Reform [ 6 ]. Enhancement of Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration at the Sentencing Stage of the Criminal Justice Process [ 7 ]. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia: Social Stigma [ 8 ]. Enhancement of Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration at the Sentencing Stage of the Criminal Justice Process [ 9 ]. www. mops. gov. il/CommunityServiceAsPunishment44_45 [ 10 ]. www. mops. gov. il/CommunityServiceAsPunishment44_45 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Advantages and Disadvantages of Community Service" essay for you Create order

Capital Punishment The Wait Should Be Over - 2398 Words

Capital Punishment: The Wait Should Be Over Capital punishment has been in existence since the beginning of society. According to Capital Punishment, of the Crime and Punishment in America Reference Library, capital punishment has been a part of the history of The United States since the seventeenth century. While the procedures and methods have changed throughout the years, the act of capital punishment, itself, has come under scrutiny. Some will argue that the death penalty should be dismantled because it is ineffective, costly, and unconstitutional, but those are the same reasons capital punishment should be reevaluated, not dismantled. The death penalty process should be reconstructed as it is currently ineffective, costly, and unconstitutional. The death penalty, in its current state, is ineffective at deterring serious crimes. While there are studies that will show that the death penalty is or is not effective based on the bias trying to be proven, the fact is, there is no evidence that shows any punishment is universally effective at deterring crime in our criminal justice system. According to Randi Hjalmarsson, a professor at The University of Gothenburg who specializes in crime research, in her article addressing this very issue, her studies show that even on a local level, once all the data is reviewed, any deterrent effect can only be recognized on an individual basis. Another study was done by Steven Durlauf; a social scientist, Chao Fu; an assistant professorShow MoreRelatedThe Pros and Cons of Capital Punishment Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesCons of Capital Punishment Since the mid 1900’s, capital punishment has brought many individuals into many diverse view points throughout the years. Capital punishment is a way of punishing a convict by killing him or her because of the crime he or she committed. 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Adn vs Bsn Free Essays

ADN vs BSN Grand Canyon University: NRS 430V October 18, 2012 Over the course of time, many different types and levels of degrees have developed in the field of nursing. Today, many individuals are in an internal conflict of having either their ADN or BSN, the two most common degrees in the field. According to a sample survey, 50. We will write a custom essay sample on Adn vs Bsn or any similar topic only for you Order Now 0% of the nursing workforce currently hold a BSN and 36. 1% have obtained an ADN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2012). An ADN is an Associates degree in Nursing, whereas a BSN is a Baccalaureate in Nursing. The issue of the conflict arises from the confusion of what the actual benefit and difference the BSN would make in the work field due to the current good mixture of nurses with both degrees who work in the same areas doing the same work. Other than a slight pay difference, there are many benefits that individuals don’t realize there are in having a BSN. The first baccalaureate degree was developed in the United States at the University of Minnesota in 1909. Today, most BSN programs take about 4 years to complete. These programs prepare students to practice in the beginning levels of leadership. They prepare students by including the components of quality and patient safety, evidence-based practice, liberal education, information management, communication/collaboration, clinical prevention, public health and other professional values in the course. In today’s world, the demands placed on nursing in the emerging health care system are likely to require a greater proportion of RNs who are prepared beyond the associate degree or diploma level (Creasia Friberg, 2011). Research has shown a few major, very important differences in the work force of those with BSN’s opposed to those of ADN’s. Those differences, although all ADN/BSN nursing programs have the same passing rate for the NCLEX-RN licensing examination, show that those nurses whom have a higher education are linked to a decrease in medication errors, lower mortality rates, and better quality patient care. The NCLEX tests for those minimum basic skills and knowledge needed to have a safe entry into the nursing practice. The test does not test those abilities learned in the baccalaureate program (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2012). These extra skills include, but are not limited to: critical thinking, health promotion, management, and flexibility to work in both in and outpatient areas (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2012). Those extra skills are being shown to be essential for the future demands that will come in the changing health care system and the new, increasing needs of the patient population. Many hospitals today are becoming what are called Magnet hospitals. These hospitals are those that are requiring all nurses who are in leadership/management positions to have a baccalaureate or diploma degree by 2013, and have an 80% baccalaureate prepared RN personnel by 2020 (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2012). As an example of a patient care situation involving a nurse handling an issue involving a patient, comparing a nurse prepared at the BSN level as opposed to the ADN level, the BSN RN would better handle the situation. Of the many nurse/patient scenarios that this concept could apply to, one that would be more commonly seen would be being a team leader in a code. The nurse that holds the ADN level of education does not have the same amount of education as the nurse holding the BSN level does, that extra education being specifically linked to leadership, critical thinking, professionalism and evidence-based practice research. The nurse with the BSN would be able to more efficiently recognize early signs and symptoms, direct a team during a code, know which action to take at which time, and handle speaking with family. The decision-making process of the nurse with the BSN would be made quicker and be made with more experience behind the issue or question. In conclusion, the act of nursing revolves around the focus of health. That level of act with the higher education is becoming more and more needed as healthcare progresses. The baccalaureate of nursing provides that higher level of act, including the roles of critical thinking, professionalism, ethics, teaching, and accountability. With the continued research, more and more studies are proving every day how a nurse with a BSN compared to one with an ADN can decrease mortality rates and failure-to-rescue cases. With the development of the Magnet hospitals, the movement is being made to help those numbers continue to progress in a positive direction. The education of nursing is theory driven, those theories being obtained from science, religion, ethics, humanities and evidence-based practice. (Grand Canyon University, 2011) References American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2012). Fact sheet: creating a more highly qualified nursing workforce. Retrieved from http://www. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/ NursingWorkforce. pdf American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2012). The impact of education on nursing practice. Retrieved from http://www. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/fact-sheets/impact-of-education Creasia, Joan L. , Friberg, Elizabeth E. (2011). Conceptual foundations: the bridge to professional nursing practice (5th ed. ). St. Louis, MS: Mosby, Inc. Grand Canyon University. (2011). Grand Canyon University College of Nursing Philosophy. 1-2. ———————– 2 2 How to cite Adn vs Bsn, Essay examples

My Inaugural Address on Judgment Day Essay Example For Students

My Inaugural Address on Judgment Day Essay MY INAUGUAL ADDRESS AT THE GREAT WHITE THRONE JUDGMENT OF THE DEAD Alvin MillerSeptember, 2005http://www.angelfire.com/crazy/spaceman PREFACE Important note: Read my 1986 booklet (at http://www.angelfire.com/crazy/spaceman) before you read this. What follows is a rough draft transcript (subject to change when I actually give it) of my inaugural address (presumably in Washington, D. C.?) before global television at the Great White Throne Judgment of the Dead, after I have raptured out billions! corpses laying on the ground a fairy dump rabbits running in the ditch. Feel free to believe what Ive set down here are the ravings of a madman, because that is precisely what they are! I have assembled this book in a series of vignettes. Norman O. Brown, my mentor, used a similar technique.Youll find I use terminology that may seem alien to Christianity: wizards, witches and fairies, etc. Part of the problem that the King James Bible mistranslated the word sorcery referring to potions. This is strictly adult material. This is off limits to children, and this means you. If your jaw didnt drop when you read my 1986 booklet, I 100% guarantee it will drop now. You will note that the paragraph tabs are sometimes off. This is due to a ma lfunction of the word processor. So, finally, it all begins next page!MY INAUGURAL ADDRESS AT THE GREAT WHITE THRONE JUDGMENT OF THE DEAD Introducing Myself(The time is midnight E.S.T. I stand before global television to explain my rapturing out billions. I made the broadcast at this hour to help prevent the possibility that any children would see this, although in different time zones around the world children are up). Good evening ladies and gentlemen. Im addressing you from Washington, D.C., the political capital of Hell. I have descended here to the pit of Hell to address you. Before I begin, I want to insist that no children view this broadcast. This is off limits to anyone under 12 years old. Leave the room, and go to bed! You will find that I talk fast, that I change the subject frequently, and in general it will come across as incoherent gibberish. Youll wake up tomorrow morning and go what did he say? Youll try to remember, but youll have a hard time. I urge you to record t his address, and to watch it several times, as each time youll pick up more. Youll notice that I will be talking a lot about myself this evening. This is because the more you know about where Im coming from, the better off youll be. Let me formally introduce myself. Youve seen me before, but now Im going to reveal who I really am. Have you ever seen a ghost? Have you ever seen a spook? Now you can say youve seen a ghost. Im the ghost with the most. Im the space ghost. You have seen many ghosts. My colleagues are on practically every street corner in every city around the world, ranting and raving and spouting gibberish. When you look at me youll see that I have no eyes empty sockets instead (waving my hand in front of my face). I am an invisible man. There is no person here, never has been and never will be. You are looking at a total vacuum. There is nothing here only empty air. When you look at me you see no person you are looking directly at my Id my unconscious. And most people find it highly disturbing to look at the face of the Lord, my face. In fact , Im a raving lunatic, and this insanity I have is a deadly poison. Most of my fellow mad people are bottom feeders. With this disease, we are incompetent to keep ourselves together, and we fall to the bottom, with many becoming homeless, committing suicide or drugging themselves into oblivion. It makes us into total misfits. DOAs Dead on Arrival. Jesus, a poor Jewish peasant, was a bottom feeder also. When youre on the bottom, you look up at all the so-called leaders, and you know that all of them are the wrong people.As Jesus said, it is wisdom hidden from the wise, but given to babes. If you have ears to hear, Jesus was himself also mad. The gods must be crazy! Jesus was very sensitive to natural disasters, because like them as a madman he was walking dynamite liable to explode at a moments notice with all the force of an earthquake. Jesus was a piece of human waste human garbage. And so am I. A significant number of theologians, and I also, believe Jesus was the bastard son of a Roman centurion. The idea of virgin birth arose because an Old Testament scripture was mistranslated. We the gods live in a parallel universe right next door to this one. I stepped through the looking glass on my mission. Just like Jesus, I am here to serve. I dont want you to worship me. You dont have to believe a thing I say. Believe what you want. For example, you may believe Im the Antichrist, which I deny. But believe what you want. Your beliefs dont concern me. Im here to straighten out your behavior, specifically, as you will see, your behavior in the bedroom. That is the special mission Im on. When you see me, youve seen the father. Every eye shall see him. There can be only one. Both Jesus and I are in fact wizards. I am the second most powerful wizard that has ever walked the face of this earth. Jesus is better than me for two reasons. Jesus was working in his thirties, half my age. He has me beat, because his member would come up better than mine. Im twice the age he was when he was preaching, and mine doesnt come up like it used to.Also, he had sharp wit and eloquence and always said the right thing. By contrast, I tend to ramble. You have met your maker. You object that you see nothing but a lunatic standing here. But, I, God, did make you in the following sense. I set the rules for you to live by the Ten Commandments and the Sermon on the Mount. If you disobey my rules and go to Hell, as always, I get my willie working below my belt and rapture you devils out. It was always ambiguous about who would be raptured out. Would it be the Elect or would it be the lost? The answer is both! Anybody and everybody that I could remove I wanted gone. You who are left behind that I am addressing are the same mix as those I removed. Who was right: The Catholics with no rapture or the Fundamentalists? The answer that neither was! We did have the rapture, but it was simply me laying out as many corpses as I could. Every one I raptured, including the Fundamentalists went nowhere except to their graves, becoming wormfood. My planet is in emergency mode, with billions of you devils running around destroying it. Im getting ready to give you the judgment. I wash my hands of you! I would like nothing better that to stick all of you devils is a gas chamber and slam the door shut! Once again, I, Victor Frankenstein, have created another botched laboratory experiment. I have to remove you, so I can start over again with a new Adam and Eve. Get off my planet you devils! Get off my planet! Ive had it with you!You are made in my image. This simply means that you dont have to live with continuous mental and physical pain that we mad people specifically the gods feel every day from sunup to sundown every second of our lives. What I have is contagious, infectious and deadly. Dont come close to me! Let sleeping dogs lie! The Wolf Man was lucky, because he shape-shifted only once a month at the full moon. I, by contrast, shape-shift all day long from second to second. I melt down and reform myself into a another person regularly. If I get around anyone, involuntarily, I form myself into a duplicate of them. Part of t he power I possess is to temporarily pass on to you the continual pain I feel (mass psychosis). The source of the pain we mad people feel is you with all the evil deeds you do. When you commit evil acts, we are put into pain. (Imitating the weird voice of the Shadow) Who knows what evil lurks in the hearts of men? The Shadow knows! For awhile, you get to walk in my shoes. And when you do so, you drop dead in your tracks its my deadly blessing! (I start singing the rock song) I got the power! I got the power! Indeed I do have the power, and its is a deadly poison! Out of all the millions of mad people on the planet right now, probably less than a handful possess all the powers I have.Madness is incurable, and there is a progressive deterioration. I am at the final stages of a fatal disease. My brain has melted into goo, and Im in continuous physical pain. Jesus of course had the same affliction. Again, the gods must be crazy. Mad people such as I are instantly and permanently into t he mystic, but not by choice. There have been numerous highly evolved spiritual beings on this planet, but madness is a cheap and easy way to instantly get to the mystic. Moses, for that matter, had the same affliction. He was his own special effects man, as when he bested the Egyptian wizards in his magic duels. I, like Moses, am accompanied by my magic wand. Its below my belt.Norman O. Brown in Closing Time quotes James Joyces Finnegans Wake, He lifts up the lifewand and the dumb speak. At one point during the Exodus, the Hebrews he was leading decided that Moses was out to kill them. After all, they knew he was mad. When they protested to him, Moses dropped two of them dead in their tracks.. Moses said that God struck them down, but it was really only Moses doing the special effects. Im the CaptainI, Captain Nemo, am the captain of this ship always have been and always will be. But, as passengers, I advise you to stroll over the decks to the railings and look over the side of the ship. You see the name Titanic painted on the side. Now look down at the waterline. Theres a huge gash and were taking on water. Were going down! Soon well be underwater. Glub! Glub! Not much time left.. Glub! Glub!The JokeI want to start off with a little humor. Speakers always begin with a joke:I notice these days that so many of you have piled on the pounds, youre getting the love handles, and some of you are so roly poly that youre round like a beachball. There is a reason youre that way. Just like pigs led to slaughter are fattened up so that the flavor is improved, we, the fairies, have stuffed you full of fairy food junk food laden with fat and calories. This is so that when we slice you up and cook you, the fat gives more flavor. Twilight Zone: Cookbook To Serve ManIm sure that has you rolling in the aisles. But seriously, you spend billions every year on diet products and gym memberships. I am going to save you a lot of money. Im going to solve your problem. Youll find that when you have no food at all to eat, you have no problem losing weight. It will melt right off. .The Great White Throne Judgment of the DeadNow that the preliminaries are out of the way, we can get to the main business of the evening. I have you summoned here this evening for a special reason. Welcome to my Dead Mans Party! Step forward ladies and gentlemen. And as you step forward, you will notice that all the doors behind you are being slammed shut and barred. You are going nowhere. You are going to stand before me and not move! (Stolen from Vincent Price House on a Haunted Hill). Right here, right now, this very moment at the witching hour of midnight is the Great White Throne Judgment of the Dead! This is the Second Resurrection. As Joyce prophesied in Finnegans Wake: Array! Surrection! Resurrection and array. Receive your Judgment from the Lord. Im getting ready to give you the Dr. Strangelove address. In the film, he was an ex-Nazi whose message was: the apocalypse is here and head for the hills the same message as Jesus. First of all, why do I say you are all dead? I am addressing only dead people this evening. That is you and you and you (pointing to members of the audience). You have passed over. You are no longer human! You once were. Then you became the Godless Wicked. And now, in fact, you have become the devils, demons and monsters of Hell. You have passed over to the Twilight Zone, the Forbidden Planet, the Forbidden Zone, the Dead Zone. Everyone on this planet had been dead since I and my assistants (known variously as angels, scanners, watchers, dreamers, hearts) first blew the horn in the seventies. Now the Judgment begins. You hold paper and pens in your hands. You are going to do some writing for me. John of Patmos and others have described what is about to take place. But they saw through a glass darkly. What is going to take place is somewhat different from his description. You are going to be fast, accurate and you are going to leave nothing out. What you write will determine the Judgment you receive. Write the number 1. on the first line. On that line, write the name of the first person you ever in bed with man, woman, child or animal, whatever it was. Write nothing else on line 1. Now, immediately go to the next line, and on line 2, fill in the name of the next person or animal or whatever you were in bed with. And continue until you list all the names. I realize some of you devils here in Hell dont even know the names of a lot of them. Put a question mark on those lines. While you are writing, Ill show you my list which I prepared in advance. On it is the number 1., and the rest of the page is blank. Ive been in bed with no woman anytime, anyhow, anywhere, anyplace whatsoever. I want to heartily assure you that I am perfectly capable of being with a woman, and have always had a constant craving to be with a woman. I knew in my cradle that I was never going to be with a woman. In high school, as I remember, I went out on two dates. They were not my idea. They were arranged by others. However, I do own up to being up close and personal with pornography off and on all my life. I had to see what I was missing, and, clearly, I was missing a lot. I had to be sure I understood the old lock and key mechanism, and rocket science its not. Ive seen people kissing, but I would have to be taught how to do it. What always happens to me when I try to talk to a strange woman?Instantly their eyes get wide, they start smiling, and I see them backing off. Shortly thereafter theyre gone, and I see them later whipping back and forth in front of me chasing after the hun ks and studs. They chase after them because they know that they can put them under a spell charm them with their looks and make then into beasts of burden at their beck and call. Putting under a spell is ancient terminology for hypnosis. Women wont get near me with a ten foot pole. They know what I am: a weirdo, a creep, a psycho, a loser. I dont blame them. Im a powerful wizard, and if they get around me, Im going to put them under a spell, and not vice versa. One of the problems I had with women, is that I insist any woman Im with be also a virgin. I refuse to accept second hand merchandise, used castoffs some other man has pawed over. And virgins are hard to find here in Hell.Just like Jesus, my precious seed packet has gone missing. And precisely because I cant get laid the regular way (ghosts cant do it), when I do get my rocks off, its the shot heard round the world heard not with your ears but inside your head mass psychosis. As Led Zeppelin sang, your head is humming, and it wont go! Joyce has seven thunders in the Wake. Even though he died in 1939 and didnt get to hear the first Thunder (mass psychosis) in 1973, Joyce prophesied, One stands, given a grain of goodwill, a fair chance of actually seeing the whirling dervish, Tumult, son of Thunder.Joyces thunderclaps are the voice of Gods wrath (my voice) which terminates the old aeon and starts the cycle of history anew. In the Wake, these Thunders occur in various settings, such as an Irish pub, and no one seems to notice them.Baby, you stuck up you pretty little nose at me and wouldnt give me any pussy! Youre going down! (pointing my thumbs down) Im going to take my revenge on you, little miss pretty! And dont dare think youre going to give me some pussy now that you see me! Its too late, baby. Youre going down, little miss pussycat! For what you did to me, Ill have no women around me at all. So, now stop writing. If we waited until everyone finished their list, wed be here all night. Some of your lists would extend to the floor. You dont need to show me your lists, because I already have that information. I keep a number of books around here. One of them is my Book of Human Works where I record your deeds, good and bad. That Book partly determines the Judgment youll receive. But Im not going to open it tonight. Instead, Im going to open my most important and legendary book that I keep The Book of Life. Im sure youve heard of it.I am the only individual qualified to open this Book! Here I record the names of those who have eternal life. (holding up the Book of Life, which is invisible). You might interrupt me here and go Wait a minute, Lord, youre shucking me, you have nothing in your hands! I reply, that I can see it and read it quite well, even if you cant. John of Patmos had described the contents, but again not quite accurately. It works as follows: when everyone is born, no matter where on the planet, I record their names. Now I have to stop for a short digression. Im ne ed to go pick up the Tree of Life. We had it in the Garden of Eden, and we will have it back in the New Jerusalem, where I am going to lead you. Youll remember that in the Garden there were two trees: The Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil (Morality) and the Tree of Life. When Adam and Eve portook of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, they were ashamed of their private parts and covered them up with fig leaves. The Gods (plural the Elohim) were sore afraid that Adam and Eve would partake of the other Tree the Tree of Life and become like one of us and become Immortals. So they were banished forever from the Garden. By the way, when Adam walked in the cool of the evening beside God, Adam was walking beside a nutty fruitcake, one of my predecessors. Getting close to one of us is dangerous. Were walking timebombs!Were liable to explode!So here comes the Tree of Life that makes you immortal. Here in Hell, I realize Im throwing pearls before swine. What Im getting ready t o say will strike you as totally absurd. It is one sentence long. It is: No one, not anytime, not anywhere, not ever is permitted to stick it in! It is always a crime to stick it in. I use the word crime, because the word sin means nothing to you devils in Hell. Everyone automatically assumes they are always permitted to put it in, but no one is permitted to, ever! In the New Jerusalem, there will be two classes of people. The rulers are those who havent put it in. The second class is those who have put it in. The second group will be under stringent conditions. First, they will serve their masters those who dont put it in. Further, the second class will be virgins until their honeymoon night, and be loyal and faithful to their spouses all the days of their lives and never stray. There will be no adultery in the New Jerusalem. There will be no prostitutes. There will be no prisons or military weapons there swords melted down into ploughshares. There are no multibillion inhabitant N ation States. There will be no gays or lesbians you will be back in the closet. You learn new things in Hell that you couldnt know otherwise. Im referring to the pedophile Catholic Priests. It turns out that they werent making much of a sacrifice, since they didnt want to be with a woman in the first place. The women will all look plain in the New Jerusalem. Theyll wear no makeup. What do you find when you go to a maternity ward? Youll find that the number of boys and the number of girls is roughly 50/50. That is, there is one boy for every girl. This means that for every man there must be one woman only, and vice versa. The story is only one per customer. Now back to The Book of Life (I open it). Because the Tree of Life says that no one ever puts it in, there should be no names in the Book at all except virgins and those who are chaste. But Im a merciful God, and have made the decision to include the names of those who have been loyal to their spouses. There are no other names in the Book! The Book is very small indeed compared to the total population. If you are a Christian and have served the Lord all your life, I love you, but whether you name is recorded in the Book is solely determined by what you did in the bedroom. Nothing else matters about you. I am a functionally castrated man. I have a completely useless appendage below my belt, just like someone 2000 years ago. The worst heresy you could ever utter about Jesus was that he had been with a woman, such as the case of the Da Vinci code. I am castrated, and I am here to castrate you! As Jesus said, There are eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs for the Kingdom of heavens sake. The thing to notice about Jesus in not his marvelous teachings. What you need to notice is that he wasnt getting laid he was a eunuch. The wording of Jesus saying implies that Jesus could easily been with a woman all the hydraulics were in place. I cannot possibly be with a woman, although my plumbing is in excellent working order (ghosts cant do it). I sometimes got a sympathetic shoulder to cry on from women but nothing else from women.The bottom line is Im a man. I look around and see all the devils here in Hell (again, pointing to all the audience members). I refuse to bring a poor innocent child here into Hell. By definition, anyone who would father a child here is a devil. There should be zero children on this planet! Every child is by definition is the spawn of one of you devils. As Jesus prophesied, For the days are surely coming when they will say, Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that never bore, and the breasts that never nursed.' Also, in that day, woe to them that are with child.. Manhood means knowing when not to put it in. With the crisis upcoming the Great Tribulation this is an excellent time not to put it in. Troubled World EssayWhatever religious faith you believe in put on the armband. Put a gold cross for Christians, crescent for Muslims, Star of David for Jews, black 0 for atheists, hammer and sickle for Communists (Im one of the last of them on the planet), question mark (?) for children, etc. Remember that Hitler had all Jews wear a yellow Star of David. They were thus labeled as outcast vermin on the bottom. Here those Jews eligible will wear the white armband to indicate that they are on top the Elect. Again, the last shall be first.In addition to a marker for their faith, virgins will have a V on their armband. Those with a V are eligible for my High Command. Those who are chaste will add a C. Those whove been faithful to their spouses will add M for married. Instant ProphetI can make anyone an instant 100% accurate prophet. What was the one thing that everyone knew in the Roman Empire at the time Jesus was preaching in Galilee, even without newspapers? They all knew that in t he Roman Cities, especially Rome itself, they were having fabulous orgies. The automatic consequence is that Rome was going to fall. And we have had even better, more astonishing orgies starting in the late sixties. The only thing that slowed it down somewhat was AIDS. The orgies held in Rome cant hold a candle to the orgies weve had here. Thus, Western Civilization is toast. The horse (Western Civilization) were riding has keeled over. And theres no use beating a dead horse. The writings on the wall! The moving finger has writ! Tis nothing less than the end of the world! The stars are falling out! As Chicken Little proclaims, the sky is falling! Chicken Little is on movie screens November, 2005. The WitchesIm here on a mission. Ive come to remove all the dolls! These are dreamgirls, and that is precisely where they should be. You should never be able to see them in flesh and blood. Im going to put them in back your dreams where they belong. And after I remove them, youll dream about them at night youll remember how gorgeous they looked and have wetdreams about them. Im going to take them all back to where they came from back to Witch Mountain. Thats their home they like it there. And at night when the moon comes out, theyll all strip naked, join hands in a circle, and do the moondance, the Witchs Sabbat. I am going to make sure and keep them there once I have them there, and youll see no more dolls. This is a Witch Hunt! The one and only original Witch Hunt, and Im the Witchfinder General! Let me be clear. Im not talking about the little pagans or wiccans. There arent many of them, and they are all nitwits. They dont have any power at all. If they were real witches they would recognize the millions of powerful witches, the dolls, we have here in Hell. My Favorite SportNow I want to describe my favorite sport. It is the sport of aristocrats, the sport of royalty, the sport of kings and the sport of Gods. This is how I did my magic act and raptured billions out. What I do is a dance. Quoting the song: I got a new dance, and it goes like this But actually, its an ancient dance going back to the Stone Age shamans. This is the dance that all native medicine men do. Let me give some names for my what I do: Rain Dancing, Rain Making, Doing The Swerve, Space Fucking, Fairy Fucking and finally the best and most descriptive name: Fairy Bowling. Feel free to practice this by yourself or in groups. Develop your own style. Have fun with it. I stand and start flipping, flinging, flipping, flinging, flipping. As a wizard, Im going to call up a rainstorm, thunder and lightning (holding my arms up, I start flipping , flinging, flipping). This is the gesture that priests use when sprinkling holy water. Im a thunder roarer! I get it working, get it working, flipping, flinging. What am I flipping? It never was about liquid H2O, water. What I am flipping is sperm. I get it working, working and after a while the slime starts flying here, there and everywhere. Eventually it starts raining men planetwide. My fellow mad people know about this rain that falls on a sunny day a phrase from a rock lyric. The clich bag lady who wears tin foil to protect herself knows about the lightning I send. Mad people use the metaphor of being struck by lightning or electricity. But it is just drops of jism. When youre struck by jism, its hot and it sizzles, it tingles and you think of lightning or electricity.The idea is: in my minds eye, I see he r. Shes miles away, and there is no phone line. But Im going to let her know that shes a gorgeous doll, and that I am the man she should be with,and not the man she is actually with. Its a long distance love affair. Im going to send a guided missile straight towards her a cruise missile. Shes standing there as my cruise missile comes whipping towards her. Remember Lots wife in Sodom. She turned to stone a pillar of salt. So the doll is standing there and Bam! shes hit on the head with the big wad of cum I sent her. Her eyes roll up until you see the whites. Her mouth drops open. She goes rigid and starts wobbling like a top -she turns to stone and then Boom! She falls still rigid to the ground. (I crook my elbow and hold my arm up and clench my fist. I cup my arm in my other arm. Then I start wobbling my arm round and round until, finally, it goes flat). Fairy bowling! The idea of the sport is to see how many tenpins dolls you can knock over. Im the best ever at the sport. I can knock over millions of dolls!Was I feeling any grief over the people I raptured out when I called up my storm? Not at all. They were all only devils here in Hell. They were all warned. Simply read the Book of Revelation. I and my angels have been blowing the horn repeatedly since the seventies and not a single one of you repented. But I did have two concerns with respect to my fulfilling John of Patmos promises. First, Im an elderly geezer and my member doesnt come up like it used to. I was concerned I would fizzle out and remove only a few million. That wouldnt be enough to get you devils to change your behavior in the bedroom. John of Patmos had promised a quarter to a third of the planet raptured out. Secondly, when you call up a storm, there is always the danger that the wizard himself will get swept away, because it is uncontrollable and unpredictable. Happily, I made it through, so that I could fulfill John of Patmos promise that I would be standing here giving you the Great White Throne Judgment of the Dead. Defeating the Whore of BabylonThe question of the evening is: Which man can bell the cat? Which brave hero can slay the dragon? Which man can defeat the Whore of Babylon? Which man can domesticate the Whore pacify her and put her to sleep? Perceptive observers have noted that the Book of Revelation has the structure of a fairy tale. It is not a fairy tale is the sense of being a myth or being untrue. One part of the fairy tale is the fairy test: Which man can defeat the Whore of Babylon? Being a fairy test, if any man attempts and fails, the Whore gobbles you up and drinks your blood. Many men have tried, and all have been gobbled up by the Whore and had their blood drunk. The Whore is not a supernatural entity. She is simply the collection of all the dolls all the millions of dolls. When you approach her, shes gorgeous, and the first idea you have about how to pacify her is to unzip your pants and stick it in her. If you try this way, you loose, and she gobbles you up and drinks y our blood. Instead, the way to defeat her is to keep your pants zipped up, raise you arm and slime her right between the eyes. Her eyes roll up till you can see the whites and her mouth drops open. Youve put her under a spell, youve hypnotized her, shes pacified. She goes to sleep. Ding dong!, The Witch is dead, the Wicked Old Witch!Getting You To Change Your Bedroom BehaviorOnce we get to the New Jerusalem, everyone will know what everyone is doing in the bedroom. This is not your private affair, or your own personal business. It is vital that everyone knows exactly what everyone is doing in the bedroom. Adam and Eve fell, because they were ashamed of their private parts. We will not be ashamed of our private parts in the New Jerusalem. We are going to fall again, but into innocence this time. It will be public knowledge what were all doing in the bedroom. In the defunct Marxist states, everyones every movement was under constant surveillance. That was not what needed to be done. T he only thing that must be monitored is that everyone must know precisely what everyone else is doing in the bedroom. Not else matters about you.. It must be public knowledge This is what is not done here in the West. You may have a little knowledge about what your fellow workers are doing in bed, but overall you dont know as much as you need to know. Im going to tell the same story three different ways. You are really going to have change your bedroom behavior. Version 1: If you as a man walk into Sodom, where the one thing youve got is a woman (you can also have a man if thats what you want). There is nothing else, it is total chaos and anarchy. If in this place you cannot get laid, then suddenly you become an extremely important person . Because all you have to do is get your willie working below your belt, and you can blow the place to smithereens! Version 2: Dont try to put me, God, in Hell. Dont even think about it. Satan is my servant and not vice versa. If you do try, I ll get my willie working below my belt and again blow the place to smithereens! In my second all time favorite movie, Legend (1985), Tom Cruise in fairy pointy ears is in Hell and attacks Satan. This is what I as a fairy did. I beat the Devil!Version 3: This is the stupid version. My good man, your getting way to much. Its good stuff. And youve got more than you can handle. Im horny and I need a woman.Youve lots of women and I have none. What are we going to do about it with me standing here? If you dont get your dick straightened out, how about me ripping your lungs out, friend! I cant stand it, and I wont put up with it!Who is the most degenerate sex fiend on the planet? Satan is a notorious degenerate, but has access to all the most gorgeous dolls on the planet who are all in his service and at his beck and call. His lusts get slaked. For me it is water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink. I Must Rule!I was born to rule, and this is what you must let me do. I came to power by blackmail. I raptured out the people to demonstrate my power (just like the madman is my all time favorite movie,- The Brain from Planet Arous)Like me, he was also a sex fiend. Im standing here on a mound of corpses. Why dont you want to start listening to me?The blackmail was either I rule, or I remove lots more. I have an agenda. The planetwide New Exodus is here, and Im going to lead you to the New Jerusalem. This process will take several centuries. Ill say mo re later, but heres an indication. The New Jerusalem is all the multimillion inhabitant cities in ruins, and there are be no longer any nation states, with the total population of the planet much less than one billion. No matter how much you may legitimately hate my guts, I must rule! And I have more blackmail so I can accomplish my mission. I am the only person on this planet that possesses the roadmap to the New Jerusalem. No one else has a single clue! You have to be a fairy (which is the next topic) to possess it it is a fairy treasure map. Its inside my head. I ll have lots of goons and thugs around me to protect me, but even so it is quite true that you can take me out. From your point of view, thats what youll want to do. Youll go This suckers giving us pain. Lets take him out. Heres where the blackmail comes in. If you do take me out, the blackmail is that since Im the only person with the roadmap, additional billions of corpses will be laying on the ground. Ill take that tr ade off my life for the benefit of additional billions gone. Im going to save you a lot of tax money. I work for free. And the government that I will assemble will be a small fraction the size of the multimillion Federal Government. Youll no longer have to pay salaries for the one hundred Senators or the four hundred plus Congressmen and their thousands of support staff. The size of my Federal Government will be miniscule compared to the present one. Im a Fairy In Fact, the King of the Fairies!Freud had it right the Oedipal Triangle. The hunk, stud or gun I mentioned earlier is the father (in my unconscious). And the doll is the mother. And Im the son of a gun, S.O.B. When a stud fathers a child with a doll, you have the recipe to grow monsters, the Biblical Giants. Actually, in my case my father was a sweet preacherman, and my mother was good, but I still turned out a monster. Im the Beast slouching toward Bethlehem that Yeats wrote about in his poem The Second Coming. That poem is my favorite. Let me quote two lines:The best lack all convictions, while the worstAre full of passionate intensityAs the Beast I am of the worst, and you will notice that I am full of passionate intensity a fanatic..Norman O. Brown has James Joyce saying, not pater noster, but panther monster. Specifically, Im a case of arrested development in my paranoid schizophrenia, an example of stunted growth. Im a dwarf. How old am I? My inner child, my emot ional age is two years old. A little child shall lead them as Isaiah has it. They call it the terrible twos. Children at that age own the world and are little tyrants. Complete brats. Now that Im King of the World, Im in the same position as that child the world is mine!I am forever young. I am an authentic fairy, a Peter Pan. And I definitely do not mean that Im gay. Im the boy who couldnt grow up. James M. Barries Peter Pan was partly autobiographical. The New Jerusalem will be the perfect place for me, because there you do little work beyond puttering around in the garden, and a few other chores, There you dont have to accept adult responsibility. The New Jerusalem has other names: Never Never Land or the Land of the Lost Boys. What do I have to offer to a woman, me being a dead fairy? Can I entertain a woman, can I amuse a woman, can I interest a woman? I cannot be in any kind of an adult relationship with any woman. Being around me is like waiting for paint to dry. Being around me is like waiting for grass to grow. I am into the mystic 24/7 totally against my will. As I have said, we have had many highly evolved spiritual beings who have gone through highly elaborate rituals to get to the higher planes. I am not one of those. Against my will I am permanently into a trance. And it gets even worse. I only approached a select few women, knowing in advance what the answer was going to be. Women almost always say no the first time. They are negotiating what they are going to get out of it. Every time I got no on the first try, I walked away, Fool that I am. And every woman knew instantly what I was. Any woman who had said yes was in for an ordeal, degenerate sex fiend that I am. I can never get enough, and I can never get satisfied. I would work her over for hours and hours on end even days. No woman wants to be put through such an ordeal. It offends her dignity.. You should have noticed by now that I have a very immature, infantile view of women. This is simply because of the fact that I am an infant! By the way, all magicians are children in the body of a man. Babies see objects appearing and abruptly disappearing without explanation. That dont know that objects cant do this. Most especially they see mommy with her milky teats appear and disappear withou t notice. They havent learned the constancy of objects. Thus, they believe in magic, like magicians where objects are apported or vanished from thin air. Real magicians, such as I am, again, are babies in a grown up body, and that is the basis of our power. Sigmund Freud was right. Its the oedipal relationship between mother and son. If you want to go instantly mad, all you have to do is stick your head up your mothers dress, and sniff mommies panties. When you come out, youll be drooling, raving maniac like me. The Tarot CardsIf you go to a fortuneteller, youll see them stack the Tarot cards in piles of suites. This shows they dont understand the cards.The cards are simple narrative, start to finish. The cards must be laid out in order. The 0 card is the Fool starting out his journey in life in tattered clothes with the dog nipping his heels.With each new card he picks up new life experiences and strengths. Near the end is the Tower of Babel card . The Tower is being struck by lightning and has caught fire.People are jumping out of the upper windows. The Fool is the one causing these special effects. And this precisely is what I did during Tower of Babel World Trade Center attack, where in addition to the planes, separately I called up my invisible rain and lighting planetwide. In the last card, the Joker/Fool, who has jest come to crown, the wild man from Borneo, stands as the hermaphrodite King of the World. Thats who you see. Me. Standing in front of you as King of the World! However, I dont plan to wear an actual crown like the Fool. Let me elaborate a moment on Mass Psychosis. Both Freud and Jung taught that the unconscious is collective. It is the common possession of all of us. Everyone on the planet is wired together by means of this collective unconscious. This is the transmission medium I use on my weird radio. The message I send on it when I get inside your head is frequently garbled, and it fades in and out. The transmission medium is not always clear. Now that you see me in person, I can tell you straight out what the content of the message I was transmitting was. It was: Shes getting too hot. Danger! Danger! The women are getting out of us mens control!Leaving the FleshpotsLets play the childrens game.Hot and Cold (holding up my arms). Youre cold. Youre warmer. Your getting hot. Your the hottest! Bingo! You found it. Its my dick! The bird is the word the spermatic word as Norman O. Brown has it. Sperm is the word of the Lord. In the beginning was the word. God said let there be light. Translation: My pr edecessor and his angels were sounding their trumpets to close out the latest cycle and begin a new one sperm and slime flying everywhere rapturing out the people of the previous cycle. Understand that this is not about your kissing my dick. Im not here to lord it over you. Im no sadist. Im no bully. Again, Im come to serve. Im the Good Shepherd come to rescue my lost black sheep (you devils here in Hell). Just like Moses led the Hebrews out of the fleshpots of Egypt on the Exodus to the Promised Land. Im come to lead you out of the fleshpots of Hell on a New Exodus to the New Jerusalem. Im here to lay Satan down for the last time. I am here to harrow Hell, in Christian terminology, And the nightmare that were about to embark on will be with all of you and with me until we reach our physical graves. After we go through whats coming up, I guarantee you Satan will never be loosed again. Youre getting ready to be punished for your faithful service to Satan were going to go through the Great Tribulation. But let no one, including the idiot suicide bombers, denigrate the amazing scientific achievements, etc. youve accomplished in your service to Satan. The last place Id go for an update on the latest scientific advances is the suicide bombers. What a bunch of morons! Here in Hell all the men are under a literal witchs spell that of the Whore of Babylon. Men are literally sex slaves beasts of burden blinded and charmed by the dolls. As a powerful wizard, Im going to break that spell and wake all the men up. In turn, Im going

Trumans Decision Essays (761 words) - , Term Papers

Trumans Decision Truman's Decision While Americans and Japanese alike expected the war to end after a bloody invasion of Japan, the U.S. government was readying a secret weapon that would dramatically affect the war's outcome: the atomic bomb. In the spring and summer of 1945, American leaders would have to decide whether to use the new weapon without warning against Japanese cities. Years after the bombing of Japan, people all over the world are still questioning Truman's decision to drop the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It's been said that the bomb was an immoral act of injustice, yet others see it as the only solution for ending World War II. At the time, the bomb was a promise of peace. When Truman became president on April 12, 1945, upon the death of President Roosevelt, he had no knowledge of the actual bomb project itself and his first information about what was really being done came from Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson on April 25th. Stimson himself was virtual head of the project and had been during the years of its development as a military weapon. Stimson had conferred frequently with President Roosevelt during this period but his last meeting with FDR had been on March 15th. Truman's first connection with the bomb project - though he knew nothing of what the project was - occurred long before he became President. It was during his senate service as a member of the appropriations committee and as chairman of the Senate Special Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program - known as the Truman Committee, when the first appropriation for the project came before the appropriations committee. In talks with the President on at least two occasions he told me of this. He said the appropriation request did not disclose the nature of the project and, as a result, he ordered an investigator for his special committee to look into it. In his memoirs, Truman says that he sent investigators into Tennessee and to the state of Washington to find out what the enormous construction was and their purpose. Immediately afterward Secretary Stimson called him and they got together. Stimson did not tell him what the project was but did tell him it concerned the topmost secret in the government and that they wanted to go ahead without disclosing any information. On Stimson's assurances, the President called off his investigation and did not go further into the matter. The Americans had pushed Japan out of all the land they had occupied in the pacific region. In Europe Hitler was defeated. So why did the Americans drop the bomb? Possible reasons could be that the Americans believed Japan would never surrender. Some people believe that if the bomb had not been dropped thousands of American lives could have been lost in an invasion of Japan. Also, the Bomb had cost a lot of money to develop and the Americans wanted to use it. The bomb cost $200 million. It would have been difficult to justify not using after such as vast financial investment. Some believe it was used to teach the Japanese a lesson, seeing that they were very cruel to the prisoners of war. When Truman came into office, the European was coming to an end, and he was left to concentrate his power on the war in the Pacific. The only obstacle that the United States needed to overcome was Japanese expansion. However, this was not easy. Although allied raids had destroyed much of the Japanese naval fleet and air force, their ancient Bushido tradition prevented surrender. Therefore, an allied victory would create extremely high casualties. This fact put Truman in a very difficult position. He had to choose between the massive destruction that the bomb would cause Japan and saving the lives of his American soldiers. After being consulted by his military advisors that an invasion of Japan would cost over 1 million American lives, he decided to drop the bomb on Japan. However, after being present at the first successful test of the atomic bomb, Truman should have been more cautious about it. Although Truman had discussed the idea of dropping the atomic bomb with Churchill and Sta lin, the decision

Australian Unions and Society essays

Australian Unions and Society essays At the Harvard Trade Union Program of 1999, Emeritus Professor John T.Dunlop asked the class of mid-career union leaders to paint a picture of where their union would be in the year 2025. This was based on a similar event in 1955, when the editor of Fortune magazine asked the long-serving AFL-CIO President, George Meany, where the American labor movement would be in 1980 (see Dunlop, 1980). The Meany interview attracted interest because of its optimism and confidence regarding the future of American labor. Given the actual events that have occurred since 1955, with the drastic decline of trade union membership in industrialized countries, not too many optimistic scenarios are being posed in 1999. No one seems to want to emulate Meanys ill-fated forecast of 1955 Unions have played an important role in Australian society in terms of raising living standards for workers and advancing social justice issues. Shorter working hours, equal pay for women, improved health and safety, holiday time, superannuation, and vocational training and other facets of Australian working life are due to enduring and forceful union campaigns. Yet despite these real life successes, the prognosis for the Australian union movement does not look good on the basis of the statistics alone. Third, it is important to understand changes in globalization and how nations relate to each other politically through trade and investment. There is no point in retreating into economic nationalism and trade protective strategies. Instead unions should play a role in changing economic institutions and providing labor market protection to those adversely affected by changes in the international economy. Trade unions can also make sure that trade liberalization advocates are held accountable by monitoring their claims on jobs created and the effect of trade on wages.. This is a key role for trade unions to play. There is a labor movement alternative to policies of both...

How can international students' English level affect their use of Essay

How can international students' English level affect their use of social media in the process of choosing universities - Essay Example The researcher used both the questionnaires and oral interview methods to adequately collect primary data from the respondents. A section of the questionnaires was emailed to the respondents and others were administered directly by the researcher. The questionnaires incorporated the use of both the closed and open ended questions. The open ended questions are significant in a research study for they give the respondent a room to respond to give more information left out by the researcher when he or she was designing the questionnaire (Reja et.al, 2003, p. 160-167). The questionnaires used a five Likert scale with items; strongly disagree, disagree, neither agree or disagree, agree and strongly agree. Before the interviews were conducted and before the questionnaires were sent to the sample population, the researcher sought permission from the respective university managements to authorize him to collect data from the sample population. A pilot study was conducted by the researcher prior the administration of the questionnaires on at least 5 respondents. This was to test for the validity and reliability of the questionnaires that were used in the study. According to Ceswell et.al (2010, p. 32), 10 percent of the sample is to constitute the pilot test or the pilot study-rule of thumb. Also, there were no ethical concerns raised by the respondents both in the time of conducting the interviews and filling in of the questionnaires. Further, the participation of the respondents in the study was plainly voluntary. No respondent was forced to participate in the study at any circumstance. Although both the target and the sample populations incorporated UK and non UK students, the research study was mainly targeting the international university students pursuing studies in the UK. This is because these students have a better understanding of the researcher’s

Is the use of field trips in geography a useful wasy for children to Essay

Is the use of field trips in geography a useful wasy for children to learn between the age of 5 to 11 year old discuss - Essay Example In short, early years geography is fundamentally about the development of the concepts of ‘space’ and ‘place’ and, entirely depends upon a wide range of classroom tasks and related learning activities that can contribute to effective learning of these concepts. Practical tasks with which children may engage to promote meaningful learning in geography draw upon a complex theoretical framework. Present space clearly does not allow for a comprehensive overview and analysis of this. Thus it is intended to highlight a number of key elements of the framework and to illuminate these with recent and relevant research evidence. (Birch & Palmer, 2004, p. 8) While the content of the National Curriculum for Schools in England underpins and guides the structure of the forthcoming text, it also discusses general principles of teaching and learning in geographical education that are transferable and applicable to all ‘early years’ children of nursery and school age. It is relevant to teachers, student teachers, policy-makers and all other providers of field trip education for children aged 5 to 11 years; that is, the Foundation Stage and Key Stage 1 in the language of the National Curriculum. We consider it to be both a difficult and inappropriate task to pursue any discussion of learning experiences relating to the subject matter of geography in the early years of schooling without making reference to the cross-curricular theme of education for sustainable development, closely allied to the area of learning which many know as environmental education. These learning experiences refer to a large extent of Geographical field trips which are inextricably linked in the work of primary education ranging from nursery to early primary classes. Therefore, their inter-relationships are considered with field trips and practical examples that take account of teaching and learning across the whole spectrum of geography and what might be termed

Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Marketing Management - Essay Example According to Kotler (2003), customer perceived value (CPV) is the difference between total customer value and total customer cost. Total customer value includes four factors: product value, services value, image value and personnel value; and total customer cost includes time cost, monetary cost, psychic cost and energy cost (Tseng & Et. Al., 2007). The enhancement of the consumer perceived value can be achieved by increasing total consumer value or by reducing total consumer cost. This can be understood better with the help of an example of Wal-Mart, the UK based retail chain of stores. To enhance the consumer value they offer huge assortments in merchandises. There are various options available for the consumers to chose from the various brands and their private level brands. In reduction to consumer cost, Wal-Mart offers ‘everyday low pricing’ strategy. This offering allows the consumers to save certain amount of money through the low pricing strategy of Wal-Mart. This helped Wal-Mart to cater its consumers’ added value through higher level of satisfaction (IMD, 2009). This model suggests that how received and desired values adjust well into a disaffirmation type satisfaction model. The overall satisfaction can be known as the consumer’s judgment in reaction to assessment of understanding with the products and services. When the consumers make an evaluation, they create certain notions, developed from the past and present experiences about the value that they desired. The desired value directs consumers when they structure perception of the products or services whether it has performed excellently or weakly in the utilisation circumstances. The consumer’s derived value is evaluated upon experiences they use on certain attributes of the experiences, performances and consequences. The received value may guide in the creation that is generally

Flumequine and Balofloxacin

Flumequine and Balofloxacin Made by LAB GROUP: F2 Lab Instructors: T.A/ Spring 2015 Table of Contents: Introduction on (Flumequine) pg. 3 and (Balofloxacin) pg. 4 Discussion on (Flumequine) pg. 5, 6, 7 and (Balofloxacin) pg. 8, 9, 10 Conclusion pg. 11 Reference pg. 12 Flumequine: The first of the quinolone family is the nalidixic acid. The drug was followed by the floroquinolones including flumequine which is a 1st generation agent in the floroquinolones. The first generation including flumequine had a variety of problems such as: Limited activity poor distribution tendon ruptures Hepatotoxicity and additive effect on neurological disorders ex: myasthenia gravis All of the first generation drugs were used for the treatment of infections in the urinary tract. The benzo quinolzine (flumequine) was invented in 1973 by (rikker labs) a german inventors. Flumequine is known to be the first of the quinolone family to include a fluoride at carbon number six on the skeleton of the quinolone compound. Although flumequine is basically the first of all floroquinolones it is frequently overlooked upon classification of this class of drugs through generations; it was omitted from the list. It is more often used for the treatment of farm animals and on certain cases pets. And as follows the use in humans is for infections in the urinary tract. It was originally used only for urinary tract infections until reports of toxicity were filed reporting anaphylactic shock and degrees of damage in the liver. The (FDA) food and drug administration made a request on all the quinolone and floroquinolone boxes to be delivered to contain a black boxed warning thus, noti fying the risks of sudden ruptures in the tendon which basically includes the flumequine. As well letters were sent to physicians based on the FDA's request to notify the doctors. The tendon complications were also exhibited in flumequine. The majority of floroquinolone generic versions did not include the black boxed warning in 2009 September as well some reports were filed to claim that this information was never distributed or shared among pharmacists and some products to this day still are shipped without the warning or medication guide that the physicians and pharmacists can distribute. Uses (licensed): Infections in the urinary tract Balofloxacin: Balofloxacin is often potent as an antibacterial agent. It has a broad spectrum bactericidal activity. It is less toxic than other fluoroquinolones. The distinction between a quinolone drug and a fluoroquinolone drug is the addition of fluorine to the basic pharmacophore, which causes a fluorinated drug. Quinolones and fluoroquinolones terms are often used interchangeably regardless of this distinction. Balofloxacin is a third generation fluoroquinolone. A meta-analysis of skin infections and fluoroquinolones showed that the fluoroquinolones are more associated with unfavorable reactions than beta lactam. However, the increase was due to a slight to moderate rate of nausea and diarrhea higher. Enough to cause serious side effects withdrawal of the trial occurred at similar rates. Rarely, fluoroquinolones have been associated with serious and adverse effects on the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, circulatory system, the maxillofacial system, endocrine system, gastrointestinal system the urological system, liver, brain, skin, and sensory systems such as sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste. After a single dose toxic reactions had been reported to occur. Uses: Uncomplicated infections of the urinary tract Chemical structure: Flumequine: Chemical structure and formula: C (14) H (12) F (1) N (1) O (3) IUPAC name: 9-fluoro -6, 7 dihydro -5 methyl -1 oxo -1H, 5H -benzo quinolizine -2- carboxylic acid Mode of action: Flumequine is mainly an antibiotic that is broad spectrum and mostly active against gram positive bacteria and gram negative. Mechanism works through the inhibition of gyrase DNA, topoisomerase specifically type 2 and type 4; they are enzymes that are responsible for bacterial DNA segregation therefore by inhibiting them the bacteria cannot replicate hence, inhibition of cell division. This mechanism might also alter mammalian cell division. Basically the drugs of high activity could lead to toxic effects in mammals. The report of DNA damage was first filed in 1986, its mechanism of cytotoxicity is still unknown. Dosage forms: For veterinary forms: Oral solutions (10-20%) prescription required For human forms: Oral tablets (400mg) notice: it is discontinued 20% solution Tablet formulation stopped Synthesis of flumequine: Structure activity relationship (SAR): The fluorine that is present at carbon number six which enhances the inhibition of gyrase and cellular penetration. The carbon number seven constituent was found to control cell permeability according to the properties of the constituent. Substitution of N number 1 is essential in obtaining the anti-bacterial properties. The introduction of a butyl group at N number 1 enhances the activity against the gram positive bacteria and little or minimal reduction of activity against gram negative bacteria. At position two the addition of nitrogen did show an improvement of the pharmacokinetic properties. At positions 4 and 3 they do have a link with the keto and carboxylic group which is an essential thing for binding to the gyrase DNA. At position number 5 the substitution by small groups like amino, nitro, halogens and alkyl groups could improve the tissue distribution and absorption. Though suggestions were raised that the substitution at position 5 could decrease the anti-bacterial properties. At position 6 the substitution by F, H, Br, Cl, nitro, methyl and Cyanide would actually increase the potency of anti-bacterial activity by means of improving the binding and penetration abilities. Metabolism: Flumequine is known to have good absorption thus, well absorbed and is mainly excreted in feces and urine as a glucuronide conjugates according to the parent drug and active ingredient of metabolism which is flumequine 7-hydroxy. The drug is eliminated within 168 hours after dosing. Major residue was found in chickens, pigs and sheep to be in the form of flumequine 7-hydroxy it was found in minimal amounts. The detection of the parent drug was only found in trout. Metabolism can be summarized as well absorbed and metabolized in the liver. Balofloxacin: IUPAC: 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid Synthesis: Mode of action First and second generation fluoroquinolone selectively inhibit the field of ligase topoisomerase II, leaving two areas nuclease intact. This modification, combined with the constant action in the bacterial cell by topoisomerase II, results in fragmentation of DNA through nuclease activity domains of intact enzymes. fluoroquinolones that are third and fourth generation are more selective for the ligase domain topoisomerase IV and therefore improved the gram positive coverage. Fluoroquinolones can enter cells through porins easily thus, could be used for the treatment of pathogens that are intracellular such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila. Too many bacteria that are gram-negative, the target is the DNA gyrase, in turn the topoisomerase IV is the target of many Gram-positive bacteria. Some compounds of this class were found to inhibit the synthesis of mitochondrial DNA. Dosage forms: Tablets 100-400 mg oral Metabolism: Pharmacokinetics of balofloxacin, the new fluoroquinolone, was a study conducted on mice, dogs and rats through liquid chromatography (high-performance). The bioavailabilities oral means of balofloxacin it was obtained through calculation of the AUC (area under the curve) after intravenous and oral in mice, rats and dogs 87.50 and 87.73%, respectively, suggesting that was absorbed almost entirely balofloxacin in rats and dogs, but not in mice after single oral administration. The average elimination half-life in plasma after intravenous injection in mice, rats and dogs are 0.92, 1.33 and 6.38 hours, respectively. I mean cumulative urinary excretion rate unchanged balofloxacin within 24 hours of oral administration of balofloxacin in dogs, mice and rats respectively. May secrete a small part of the metabolism in the urine as glucuronide balofloxacin and N-desmethyl balofloxacin in these species. After oral administration of balofloxacin in a dose of 100 mg / kg in rats, and was for a long period of absorption compared with those after administration in doses of 5 and 20 mg / kg. The plasma concentration-time profiles and pharmacological parameters of balofloxacin in male mice similar to those found in female mice, suggesting a lack of sex-related differences. Once a day for 21 days, multiple departments were not affected by this drug in mice of balofloxacin formations. Structure activity relationship (SAR): The fluorine that is present at carbon number six which enhances the inhibition of gyrase and cellular penetration. The carbon number seven constituent was found to control cell permeability according to the properties of the constituent. Substitution of N number 1 is essential in obtaining the anti-bacterial properties. The introduction of a butyl group at N number 1 enhances the activity against the gram positive bacteria and little or minimal reduction of activity against gram negative bacteria. The addition at position two of nitrogen did show an improvement of the pharmacokinetic properties. They do have a link at positions 4 and 3 with the keto and carboxylic group which is an essential thing for binding to the gyrase DNA. The substitution at position number 5 by small groups like amino, nitro, halogens and alkyl groups could improve the tissue distribution and absorption. Though suggestions were raised that the substitution at position 5 could decrease the anti-bacterial properties. The substitution at position 6 by F, H, Br, Cl, nitro, methyl and Cyanide would actually increase the potency of anti-bacterial activity by means of improving the binding and penetration abilities. Conclusion: Flumequine: It is a first generation fluoroquinolone Well absorbed orally and metabolized hepatically (glucuronide conjugates) Discontinued due to dangerous adverse effects such as hepatotoxicity Veterinary use only Black box warning Is used for UTI but discontinued in humans Mechanism of action is inhibition of DNA gyrase, less selective than third generation drugs and lower gram positive activity Was administered orally as tablets for human use but discontinued and mainly now as solutions for veterinary use Excreted in feces and urine . Balofloxacin: It is a third generation fluoroquinolone Well absorbed orally and minimal hepatic metabolism It is very useful because it has less adverse effects than other fluoroquinolones Human use No black box warning due to minimal side effects Mainly used for uncomplicated UTI Same mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones (Inhibition of DNA gyrase) more selective and improved gram positive activity due to 3rd generation properties Orally administered in the form of tablets Excreted in feces and urine Reference: Chemspider, Flumequine Available at: http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.3257.html (Accessed: 12 April, 2015) FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of The United States, Flumequine, Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/w8338e/w8338e0a.htm (Accessed: 12 April, 2015) NCBI, Structure Activity relationships of The Fluoroquinolones, Anti microb Agents Chemother (1989) pages: 131-135 Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC171443/ (Accessed: 12 April, 2015) World Public Library, Flumequine Available at: http://www.netlibrary.net/articles/flumequine#Mode_of_action (Accessed: 12 April, 2015) Medicine India. Balofloxacin Pharmacology. Available at: https://www.medicineindia.org/pharmacology-for-generic/2923/balofloxacin (Accessed: 13 April, 2015) NCBI. Pharmacokinetics of the new fluoroquinolone balofloxacin in mice, rats, and dogs. (1995). Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7646579 (Accessed: 13 April, 2015) WHO. Medical reference publication. (2005). PDF, Available at: http://www.netlibrary.net/eBooks/WPLBN0000173166.aspx (Accessed: 13 April, 2015) Drugs and Pharmacology. Balofloxacin. (2013). Available at: http://drugsandpharmacology.blogspot.com/2013/03/balofloxacin.html (Accessed: 13 April, 2015) 1

Self-Employment Essay -- Jobs Businesses Papers

Self-Employment Today large companies are downsizing and reengineering with much more frequency, and it would appear that the trend has become one of people starting their own business. An interesting statistic stated that in the United States a new small business is started every 11 seconds; (of course many do fail, but they are started all the same). (Sullivan) We must also keep in mind that starting a business and being self-employed are not always one in the same-as this paper will examine in more detail. People can be, and often are, simultaneously owners, self-employed producers, and capitalists. It was stated that, In traditional economics a basic principle is that economic resources-the means of producing goods and services-are limited or scarce. Economic resources are defined as property resources-land or raw materials and capital-and human resources-labor and entrepreneurial ability. Therefore, entrepreneurial ability is one of the four cornerstones of our economy. (Kautz, "Entrepreneurial Issues.") The availability of all of these resources in turn, determines the vitality of the economy and its growth. Although to be an entrepreneur does not require that one be self-employed, being self-employed does require that one, at least to some extent, be an entrepreneur. Therefore it is important to understand what it "is" to be an entrepreneur as well as what it "takes" to be an entrepreneur. The basic components of entrepreneurial ability can be reduced to four basic components. First, the entrepreneur is the one who takes the first step, and thus the initiative, to combine the individual parts of land, capital, and labor to produc... ...ary/weekly/1999/aa051799.htm Kautz, Judith. "Entrepreneurs Add Vitality to the Economy." July 2, 1999." wysiwyg://24/http://entrepreneurs†¦.s/library/weekly/1999/aa070299.htm Kautz, Judith. "Entrepreneurship Beyond 2000." wysiwyg://29/http://entrepreneurs†¦.s/library/weekly/1999/aa112599.htm Martin, Ed. "Entrepreneurs and Small Business. What's the Difference?" wysiwyg://53/http://sbinformation†¦.ation/library/weekly/aa082800a.htm Pettersson, Edvard. "Countering View of Immigrants as Entrepreneurs." Los Angeles Business Journal. January 24, 2000. The Gale Group (CBJ, L.P.). Sullivan, Robert. "Nine Steps to Success." The Small Business Start-up Guide. wysiwyg://17/http://www.bizproweb.com/features/9_steps_to_success.html "Top 10 Reasons Small Businesses Fail." wysiwyg://14/http://about.allbusin†¦ormation/general.jhtml?fname=10207

Component of Computer System Essay

Output devices: Monitor printer, plotter and voice output device, Modem, Automotive navigation system, Projector. Peripheral device that converts machine-readable information into people-readable information. Processing devices: CPU,  Motherboard, Chipset, bus, RAM. Hardware components process information within the computer system. Storage devices: Hard disk drives and  compact disk  drives. Hardware components allow data to be stored within a computer system. Software components of a computer system have no physical presence; they are stored in digital form within computer memory. System software is an  operating system  designed to operate and control the  computer hardware  and to provide a platform for running  application software. Utility software: anti-virus software, firewalls, disk defragmenters. Which helps to maintain and protect the computer system but does not directly interface with the hardware. Applications software: Web browsers, Office software, Games, Multimedia Software, Database Software, and Graphic Software. Designed to allow the user of the system complete a specific task or set of tasks. Different  types of computer software. Programming software, system software and application software are the three main types of computer software used in computer networking. Programmers use the programming software to develop the programming languages necessary to run computer software. Compliers, interpreters, linkers and text editors are some of the basic tools used in programming software. System software offers a protective shield to all software applications. It also provides support to the physical components of computers. System software †¢ Operating system software(windows, Linux, Mac) †¢ Utility programs (anti-virus software, firewalls, disk defragmenters. †¢ Library programs †¢ Translator software (Compiler, assembler, interpreter) Application software is used for commercial purpose. The application software is widely used in educational, business and medical fields. Industrial automation, databases, business software and medical software prove to be of great help in the respective fields. Web browsers, Office software, Games, Multimedia Software, Database Software, and Graphic Software. Application software †¢ General purpose application software. †¢ Special purpose application software. †¢ Bespoke application software

010 Titles and Arguments Professor Ramos Blog

010 Titles and Arguments Titles as Metacommentary Quick Write Titles as Metacommentary Chapter 10 (â€Å"But Don’t Get Me Wrong†: The Art of Metacommentary) Metacommentary is â€Å"a way of commenting on your claims and telling others how – and how not – to think about them† (129). Metacommentary is telling the audience how to interpret what has been said. They aid the reader by helping them understand why you are saying what you are saying. They prevent readers from getting confused and lead to a more developed paper. How can we use titles to tell the readers about your paper? Let’s look at some examples. Casso â€Å"Worth the Lie† Take 10-15 minutes to review the article. Work in groups of 2 or 3. What is Casso’s argument? How does Casso support the argument he is making? Find examples of ethos, pathos, and logos. Lance Armstrong crossing the finish line to win the 17th stage of the 2004 Tour de France.CreditCreditWolfgang Rattay/Reuters Notes: Sort of cost-benefit analysis Measuring praise and blame Making the weaker argument the stronger one, playing devil’s advocate Group Presentation Take 10 minutes to plan your presentation. Solution Argument Examples One example of a solution argument essay that we have previously discussed in this class is â€Å"The Danger of a Single Story† by Chimamanda Adichie. To quote a  CNN article on the Danger of a Single Story: Nigerian author Chimamanda Adichie believes in the power of stories, and warns that hearing only one about a people or nation leads to ignorance. She says the truth is revealed by many tales. She illustrates this with a story about coming to the United States, as a middle-class daughter of a professor and an administrator, and meeting her college roommate. Adichie says that her roommate’s â€Å"default position toward me, as an African, was a kind of patronizing, well-meaning, pity. My roommate had a single story of Africa. A single story of catastrophe.† Adichie also tells how growing up in Nigeria reading only American and English children’s books made her deaf to her authentic voice. As a child, she wrote about such things as blue-eyed white children eating apples, thinking brown skin and mangos had no place in literature. That changed as she discovered African writers, particularly the Nigerian Chinua Achebe. This is a great quote that highlights some of the moves we need to do in our article. It summarizes her topic, problem she is addressing, and solution; including examples she uses. Topic:  Many people do not realize that they are getting only one story. A single story is incomplete and she says dangerous. Problem:  Having a single story about an issue or group of people leads to stereotypes and incomplete information. Solution:  To look for multiple stories of whatever issue or topic you are hearing. She recommends we get our news and stories from multiple perspectives. Reasons and evidence:  She gives examples from her personal life to highlight that she has a personal connection. Background:  She gives background information, citing quotes and examples that place her issue in a historical context. She also uses current examples to place the issue in a contemporary context. Audience Who do you think her audience is? What do they value? Does she address those values? Sample Essays Clicking Originality Away: Social Media’s Effect On Young Female’s Self Esteem Papers Please! The Illegal Immigration Problem Creating Structure Structure is very important to making an argument. It needs to be deliberate and well organized. You cannot come across as being all over the place. An argument needs order in order for the audience to follow along. Here is one possible outline to use to build your paper: Position (thesis) Background Reason with evidence Reason with evidence Reason with evidence Reason with evidence Counterargument with refutation Conclusion with so what question addressing audience

The Problems With Holden Essay example

The Problems With Holden Essay example The Problems With Holden Essay example In one’s life, family serves as a quintessential ingredient for living with love and happiness. When taken away from someone, however, family can cause true devastation. In J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye, the story is told through the eyes of Holden Caulfield who comes from a wealthy New York family . Throughout Holden’s story, the reader learns that his family’s successes cannot guarantee Holden’s happiness. Holden’s brother Allie, a couple of years younger than him, died three years prior to Holden’s recounting of his story. Holden’s broken hands that he busted in response to Allie’s death clearly show his extreme frustration, but more importantly the monumental amount of care that Holden had for his brother. Holden was not able to reach closure with Allie because he was in the hospital for his hands. In many different parts of the story, evidence points towards the fact that Holden has not gotten over his broth er’s death. Holden tells about many other struggles that he encounters, including getting kicked out of several prep schools and having to survive the streets of New York by himself. For a sixteen-year-old boy, Holden is presented with many obstacles early in his life. As the source of his problems, Allie’s death causes Holden’s depression, his rebellious nature, and his desire to stop time. Allie’s death consequently results in a life full of depression for Holden. Holden lost one of the only people in the world whom he cared about: his brother. Several times throughout the story, Holden admits how he feels depressed. Before he leaves his boarding school Pencey Prep, Holden explains, â€Å"I was trying to feel some kind of a good-by. . . . I don’t care if it’s a sad good-by or a bad good-by, but when I leave a place I like to know I’m leaving it. If you don’t, you feel even worse† (4). Holden feels that proper goodbyes are necessary to achieve closure with something. He explains how if a goodbye is not said, you feel even worse, and he speaks from experience. Holden did not get a chance to properly part from Allie at his funeral. Holden likes the satisfaction in having closure with something, and Allie’s passing away with no â€Å"goodbye† deeply depressed him. Later in the book, Holden describes more of the grief he has experienced. When telling about a time after a prostitute left, he says, â€Å"I felt so depressed, you can’t even imagine. . . . I started talking, sort of out loud, to Allie. I do that sometimes when I get very depressed† (98). Holden goes on to explain how his conversations consisted of telling Allie to meet him and his friend to shoot BB guns. Holden says how sometimes he did not let Allie go along with him because he was just a child. One can read into Holden’s feelings of guilt for not letting Allie participate in his activities sometimes. Holden imagines conversations with his dead brother when he is severely depressed. Holden admits the horrific state of his depression and how Allie acts as a source of his sorrow. Allie’s death seems to keep the depression circulating in Holden’s head, for Holden cannot find a way to rid himself of this grief-stricken state of mind. Holden’s rebellious nature is apparent throughout the story as he copes for the loss of his brother. The depression takes a toll on Holden as he can be found drinking many times during the story. After a night at the Wicker Bar in New York, Holden, age sixteen, tells the reader, â€Å"Boy, I sat at that goddam bar till around one o’clock or so, getting drunk as a bastard. I could hardly see straight† (150). To occupy himself, Holden drinks and smokes to his heart’s content. These rebellious actions may be due to his attempt at escape from reality, from his brother’s death. The rebellious side of Holden wa s not only shown from his illegal actions, but also from disregarding the adults in his life. While saying goodbye to one of his teachers Mr. Spencer, Holden receives some advice about his future. Mr. Spencer, trying to knock some